THE ROLE OF THE STATE IN SHAPING RELIGIOUS TOLERANCE: MALAYSIA AND UZBEKISTAN

Abstract

In modern times, experts estimate that 83 per cent of the world’s population face serious restrictions on freedom of thought, conscience and religion. Persecution, repression and discrimination based on religion, belief or non-belief are a daily reality in many countries. Such disappointing statistics indicate that the issue of freedom of speech and religion needs to be harmonized. It should be recognized that the social problem of forming tolerance in the world as a whole is related to the gradual formation of new values. Interest in tolerance is relevant in many disciplines, which is well seen in many works of sociologists, historians, philosophers, religious studies and others. This article presents a comparative analysis of religious tolerance policies of two countries with unique historical and cultural contexts. The study aims to identify the principles of social features in interfaith dialogue in Malaysia, where diversity of religions and cultures is an integral part of social life. The paper will address questions such as: what are the mechanisms that promote harmony between different religious groups? what role does the state play in maintaining interfaith dialogue? This paper will also consider the legal aspect of the administrative-legal regulation of religious tolerance in both countries, where the legislative framework will be analyzed. Particular attention is paid to the differences in approaches to religious policy, thus identifying the strengths and weaknesses of each country. The study highlights the importance of religious tolerance as a factor contributing to social peace and stability, and offers recommendations for improving interfaith dialogue and legal regulation in both countries. The study aims to deepen the understanding of the role of religion in modern society and international relations, which is important for further research in this area.